Silo.



PATENTED .MAY 21., 1907.

G. P1 YOUMANS.

SIM).

, ArrLIGATIo'N-HLED 0011s, 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Snom/Noz tafereel-i l provide-Dinasilo ,an-improved doorirame construction. Second, to provide 1n a silo "UNITED sTAiTEs PATENT oEEIoE.

'y eEoRGEf I). YoUMANs, or GALESBUEGQMICHIGAN,AssIsNoR To TEE KALAMAZoo TANK a sILo coMrANnor KALAMAZoo, MICHIGAN.-`

SILO.

v YllVIicliigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Silos, of rwhich the `following is a specification.

invention relates Ito improvements' in siosr f A The'objectsof'this inventionare, rst, to

' made upV of Sections an improved means for 'fsecuringthe sectionsl together. Third, to

providein-a' siloan improved door securing means. f, Fourth, to provide in an improved silo 'an im froved construction and arrangement of -t e. 'arts whereby the maximum .strength `oi vt e Iriaterialpused' is secured, "thereby-'enabling the employment.V of comf-paratively"lightmaterialf Further objects, andl objects relating to p "structural details, will definitely appear from i i the-detailed description to follow.

}"-`b'y the devices andmmeans described. in the f -`following specification.y 71The'invention'is clearly deined'and pointi accomplish the obj ectsoi my invention ""ed'out inthe claims.

inventionis clearly illustrated in the accompanyingl drawing, lforming a part `of this specification, in which,

' .'left'ofFig. 1. Fig. `3' is a plan only, the wall st'aves at each side ofthe door-opening being shown. Fig. 4 is an` enlarged elevation,

tail elevation showing further structural deta'ilsl' "Fig 7 `isa vertical section taken on a "line corresponding to line 7-7 oi Fig. 6.`

"7 Figs. 8 and 9 are enlarged details showing the l relation and connection for the crosspi'eces 3` 4"and 'the vertical angle iron casing strips 2;

56 :Fis

1Q is a side elevation oit' one of the door `latchesl'.` Fig. 11is a plan'thereoi. Fig. `12'is aninverted planthereoi?. l f

- In the-drawing,-the sectional/views are ftakeii'iooking in thedirecuon 0f theiiaie a ,p Specification of Iletterfat'ent.

Applicationfiled October ,18,1906. Serial Ne. 339.501. p

a Agstructure embodying thefeatures of showing structural details. Fig. 5 is an ele-V vation view looking from the left of Fig. 4, showingdetails of the construction or coupling 'for the silo wall sections. Fig. 6 is-a de- Pathtedjnay 21, i907.

rows at the ends, of the section lines and simiA lar refere'nce charactersreferto similarlparts throughout the several views. Referring tothe drawing, 1- 11 are.` vertical body or wallistav'es,.only those atjeach side of thedoor-opening being shown.y The door-opening' as usual inysilos, extends from the top to the bottom ofthe silo, the doors vbeing made up of sections.` the inner `edges of the staves 1 are angle iron vplates'Z, these plates being varranged withtheir'angles outward to overlap-the edges of the staves, as is illustrated.

' Across the bars 3. also preferably. forme-dof angle iron, the top bar of each section being arranged with theangle upwardand the bottom bar with the angle downward, as clearly appears suitable rivets, as 5, and also to the staves 1 by bolts 6. To'furtherstrengthen the silo tongues or lugs 4, are punched inward y on the bars 3 to engage lfthe insidel of the dobr 'casing irons 2.y If thus:y secure great strength for the'weight' of the material used.`

To relieve the stav'es l as much as possible from the strain'of they bolts .6, I preferably provide the same with bushings 7; see Fig. 7.

the silo so as to embrace thecross pieces 3 so that they more 'eiiectively resist thecompression strain oi the hoops. It will be read@ ily appreciatedthat this sometimesfprevents very great strain owing to the swelling of the staves.- r .v

i I preferably construct my improved silo of `ehorizontal sections,as stated this .enables their being assembled at the factory and Iquickly erected. This also enables the eX- tension or addition to' asilo should it be de.- sired Hto do so. 4To accom lish this the staves 1 are 4preferablyprovi edwith dowel mortises 11 in each end in which are'inserted the dowel plates see Figs. 3 and 5. The yboltsy for securing tlie'cross ieces 3 tothe staves 1 are arranged qthroug 1l these dowel plates.-

eachse'ctionv is arranged with its angle iron upward r.and the A bottom cross piece of each silo .section with its angle downward. This brings the horizontal legs ofthe cross pieces door-opening, at intervals,.. arie kin Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 5. :The` transverse bars 3..,

and prevent5 compression by the hoo s 8,`

The hoops 8 are` preierably'arranged about' `As previously vstatedfthe top cross piece of y v ment.

together, as clearly appears in Figs. 4 and 5.. These meeting cross pieces are secured together by the bolts 9 arrangedtherethrough. Additional dowel'plates 10 may be provided about the silo-butas the arrangements will .be readily understood, they are not here illustrated'.

' The doors are preferably made up of lvertical side rails 1 2 t'o which the boards 13 are secured. Each door is provided with a pair of pivotedlatches 15 having cam-shaped engaging portions 17'so that they draw the doors into 'place under tension.

The handleportions 18 of the latches are ada ted to serve as ladder steps coacting wit the cross pieces to form a ladder.

The latches are pivoted to the door Aside pieces by bolts 16, the engaging portions be- Ving ada ted to engage'the casing angle irons,

as clear ap ears in Fig. .1. Eachvlatchis provide Wit a sto lug '19. adapted to support the same in a horizontal position when closed and also to'limit its upward moveside pieces of the door; see ig. 1.

.By arranging the parts as I have. illustrated and described, secure a silo which is simple in construction and may be made up of comparativel light material and at the` same time one W lch possesses great strength. The structure may be readily put u in sections and the sections quickly assembled in erecting a silo. The doors are' referably provided with gaskets 14 and 21, but this, I am aware, is a common expedient. I have illustrated and described my iinproved silo in detail in the form preferred by me on account of its'structural simplicit and economy and convenience in use. am, however, aware that it is ca able of considerable variation in structura details without departing from my invention.

Having thusl described my invention, what II claim as new and-desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A silo, comprising a' plurality of wall sections, vertical y arranged staves at the sides f tlfe door-'opening of each section, said staves having mortises in the ends thereof; vertical angle-iron casing strips arranged upon theinner edges of said staves with their angles outward; angle-iron crosspieces arranged across the door-opening of each wall section andriveted to said casing irons, each wall section having a cross-piece at the top and bottom thereof, the bottom cross-piece' being arranged with its ,angle downward, and the top cross-'piece being arranged with its angle upward, so that the outwardly projecting legs of the adjacent crossieces are brought'together; rivets arranger through the said outwardly projectinglegs of the top and bottom cross-pieces of adjacent wall sections; lugs unched in from said cross-pieces to engage t e-inner sides of -1 Stop plates 20 are rovided on the,

said casingstrips; dowel lates arranged in.;

said mortises in the ends o said staves bolts arranged through said cross-pieces, staves .and dowel-plates; and hoops for wall sec" `tions arrangedjto embrace said cross pieces,

the top cross-piece being arranged with its.,v angle upward, so that the outwardly 'project-f ing legs of the adjacent ycross-pieces are brought together; .rivets arranged through the said outwardly projectingl legs ofthe top 1 and bottom cross-pieces of a acent Wall sections; dowel plates arranged in said mortises y arranged staves at the in the ends of lsaid staves; bolts arranged through said cross-pieces,`staves and dowel plates; and hoops for wall sections arranged to embrace said cross-pieces, as specified.

3. A silo, comprising a plurality of Wall sections, vertically arranged staves at the sides of the door-opening of each section; vertical angle-iron casing strips arranged upon the inner edges of said staves with their angles outward; angle-iron cross-pieces arranged across the door-opening of each wall section and riveted .to said casing irons, each wall` section having a cross-piece at the top andbottom thereof, the bottom cross-piece being arranged with its angle downward, and the top cross-piece being arranged with its angle upward, so that the outwardly projecting -legs of the 'adjacent cross-pieces are brought together; rivets arranged through the said outwardly projecting legs of the to and bottom cross-pieces of adjacent wa l section; lugs punched in from said cross-pieces to en- Igage the inner sides of said casing strips; 'and oops for wall sections arranged' to embrace said cross-pieces, as specified.

4. A silo, comprising a plurality of Wall sections, vertically arranged staves attlie'sides of the'door-opening 'of each section; vertical angle-iron casing strips arranged upon the inner edges of said .staves with their angles outward; angle-iron crossieces arranged 'across the door-openingl o each wall section 4and riveted to said casing irons, leach IlO wall section havinga cross-piece at the top and bottom thereof, the bottom cross-piece being arranged with its angle downward, and the top cross-piece being 'arranged with its angle upward, so that the outwardly projecting legs of the adjacent cross-pieces are brought together;.rivets arranged through ranged across the door-opening `riveted to] the said outwardly projecting legs of the top and bottom cross-pieces of adjacent wall sections; and hoops for wall sections arranged to embrace said cross-pieces, as specified.

5. In a silo, the combination with the vertically arranged staves at each side of the' pieces arranged across the door-opening riveted to said strips; lugs punched in from said cross;pieces to engage the inner sides of said casing strips ,i as specified..

7. In a silo, the combination with the' vertically arranged lstaves at each side of the door-opening, of vertical angle-iron 'casing strips arranged upon the inner edges of said staves with their angles outward so that their legs overlap ythe staves; cross-pieces ar- 'ranged across the door-fopening riveted tol said casing strips; bol-ts arranged through said cross'pieces and staves; and bushings for said bolts arranged 1n said staves, as specified.. y

' 8. vIn a silo, the combination with the ver-4 tically arranged staves at each side-of the I'door-opening, of vertical angle-iron casingv strips arranged upon the inner edges of said staves with theirang-les outward sothat their l' legs overlap the staves; and cross-pieces arsaid casing, strips, as specified.

9. In a silo, the combination with a door casing, of doors adapted to close onto the' inside of said casing; latches pivoted on said doors havingI cam-'shaped to engage the outside of the 'oor casing Whereby the doors may be clamped into position ortions adapted.

under tension, said latches having handles 5o adalpted to serve as steps of the ladder, when in t eir engaging position; stop plates on said doors; anfI inwardly projecting lugs on said latches adapted tc engage said stop plates whereby the said latches are supported in a 5 5 horizontal position to serve as steps andtheir u ward movement limited, as s ecilied.

10. n asilo, the combination Wit a doorl casing, of vertically arranged stavesat each side of the door opening, of vertical angle- 6o iron casing strips arranged upon the inner edge oi' the staves with their angles outward so that their legs overlap the staves; cross pie'ces arranged across the door opening riveted to said casing strips; doors adapted to 6'5 close onto Ithe inside of said casing; latches pivoted on said doors having cam-shaped engaging portions adapted to engage the outer legs of said angle-iron casing strip whereby the doors may be clarrped into position un- 7o der tension, as specilie 11. In a silo7 the combination with a door casing', of doors adapted to close onto the inside of the said casing; latches pivoted on said doors having cam-sha ed engaging portions adapted-to engage t e outside of sai door casing7 whereby the doors may be clamped into position under tension; stops for said doors and inwardly projecting lugs' on.l said latches adapted to engage said stops 8o whereby the latches are supported in a horiy `zontal osition to serve as steps.

12. n a silo, the combination with a door casing, `of doors adapted to close onto the 1nside of said casing; latches pivoted on said doors having camfshaped portions adaptedu to engage the outside of the door casing whereby the doors may be clamped in position under tension; and stops for limiting the movement of said latches. y

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal in the presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE P. YoUMANs. [1.. su

Witnesses'.

. AMELIA J. ALBER,

Oris A. EARL. 

